1 架构图
2 环境准备
2.1 检查LINUX版本
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# uname -r 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 |
2.2 检查keepalived版本
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# ll keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 289380 Aug 29 2012 keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz |
2.3 配置mysql 互为主从
2.4 创建用于监控的表及权限
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create table test.keepalived(id int primary key,time datetime); grant update,insert on test.keepalived to keepalived@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'keepalived'; |
3 安装keepalived
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wget yum -y install gcc openssl-devel popt-devel tar xvf keepalived-1.2.7.tar.gz cd keepalived-1.2.7 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived
IPVS 是lvs模块，如果没用的lvs可以关闭这个功能，我们只用到了VRRP模块， Use VRRP Framework 必须为YES， 其他可有可无。Use VRR VMAC 为YES 表示VRRP支持虚拟MAC地址，如果为NO 表示不支持虚拟MAC地址。支持虚拟mac需要内核支持，centos 5.5系统(2.5.18内核)不支持，centos6.2（2.6.32-220.el6）支持，应该在centos6.0以上都支持。如果内核不支持也有相应的patch
make && make install \cp /usr/local/keepalived/sbin/keepalived /usr/sbin/ \cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/sysconfig/keepalived /etc/sysconfig/ \cp /usr/local/keepalived/etc/rc.d/init.d/keepalived /etc/init.d/ chmod +x /etc/init.d/keepalived chkconfig --add keepalived chkconfig keepalived on mkdir -p /etc/keepalived
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4 配置keepalived
4.1 主服务器
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
配置内容如下
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! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MYSQL-ha #机器标示 }
#定义健康检查脚本 vrrp_script check_running { #健康检查脚本路径 script "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh" #健康检查脚本路径 #检查心跳 interval 5 }
#定义VRRP同步组 vrrp_sync_group VG1 { group { PWRD_1 } #变为主时运行的脚本 notify_master /etc/keepalived/master.sh #变为从时运行的脚本 notify_backup /etc/keepalived/slave.sh #检查到错误时 notify_fault /etc/keepalived/slave.sh }
#定义VRRP实例 vrrp_instance PWRD_1 { #stat指instance的初始状态，但是决定是maser还是slave的是priority state BACKUP #VIP(虚拟ip)绑定的网卡 interface eth0 #设置VRID，相同为一组它决定了多播的地址，master，slave必须相同 virtual_router_id 88 #设置优先级，优先级高的为master priority 150 #心跳时间，单位为s advert_int 1 #设置不抢占，只能设置在state为backup的节点上，而且这个节点的优先级比别的高。 nopreempt #设置认证 authentication { #认证方式，有PASS和AH两种认证方式 auth_type PASS #认证密码 auth_pass 99999 } #调用自定义定义的脚本函数 track_script { check_running } #设置虚拟地址 virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.26.38 } } |
4.2 备服务器
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
配置内容如下
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! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { router_id MYSQL-ha #机器标示 }
#定义健康检查脚本 vrrp_script check_running { #健康检查脚本路径 script "/etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh" #健康检查脚本路径 #检查心跳 interval 5 }
#定义VRRP同步组 vrrp_sync_group VG1 { group { PWRD_1 } #变为主时运行的脚本 notify_master /etc/keepalived/master.sh #变为从时运行的脚本 notify_backup /etc/keepalived/slave.sh #检查到错误时 notify_fault /etc/keepalived/slave.sh }
#定义VRRP实例 vrrp_instance PWRD_1 { #stat指instance的初始状态，但是决定是maser还是slave的是priority state BACKUP #VIP(虚拟ip)绑定的网卡 interface eth0 #设置VRID，相同为一组它决定了多播的地址，master，slave必须相同 virtual_router_id 88 #设置优先级，优先级高的为master priority 100 #心跳时间，单位为s advert_int 1 #设置认证 authentication { #认证方式，有PASS和AH两种认证方式 auth_type PASS #认证密码 auth_pass 99999 } #调用自定义定义的脚本函数 track_script { check_running } #设置虚拟地址 virtual_ipaddress { 192.168.26.38 } } |
主服务器和备服务器有两个差别:
1、主服务器的优先级（priority）是150,从服务器的是100。
2、主服务器配置了nopreempt，从服务器没配置。
5 服务器的检测脚本
5.1 主服务器的检测脚本
# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh
脚本内容如下
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#!/bin/bash MYSQL=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1 MYSQL_USER=keepalived MYSQL_PASSWORD=keepalived CHECK_COUNTS=3
#mysql is working MYSQL_OK is 0 , mysql is not working MYSQL_OK is 1 MYSQL_OK=0
function check_Mysql_Runing (){ $MYSQL -h $MYSQL_HOST -u $MYSQL_USER -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD} -e "replace into test.keepalived values(1,now());" >/dev/null 2>&1 if [ $? = 0 ] ;then MYSQL_OK=0 else MYSQL_OK=1 fi return $MYSQL_OK
}
while [ $CHECK_COUNTS -ne 0 ] do let "CHECK_COUNTS -= 1" check_Mysql_Runing
if [ $MYSQL_OK = 0 ] ; then exit 0 fi
if [ $MYSQL_OK -eq 1 ] && [ $CHECK_COUNTS -eq 0 ] then exit 1 fi
sleep 1 done |
master.sh 与slave.sh提供监控接口
# vim /etc/keepalived/master.sh
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#!/bin/bash echo "#`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` master " >> /etc/keepalived/change.log |
# vim /etc/keepalived/slave.sh
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#!/bin/bash echo "#`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` slave " >> /etc/keepalived/change.log |
添加执行权限
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chmod +x /etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh chmod +x /etc/keepalived/master.sh chmod +x /etc/keepalived/slave.sh |
5.2 备服务器的检测脚本
1. # vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh
脚本内容如下
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#!/bin/bash MYSQL=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql MYSQL_HOST=127.0.0.1 MYSQL_USER=keepalived MYSQL_PASSWORD=keepalived CHECK_COUNTS=3
#mysql is working MYSQL_OK is 0 , mysql is not working MYSQL_OK is 1 MYSQL_OK=0
function check_Mysql_Runing (){ $MYSQL -h $MYSQL_HOST -u $MYSQL_USER -p${MYSQL_PASSWORD} -e "replace into test.keepalived values(2,now());" >/dev/null 2>&1 if [ $? = 0 ] ;then MYSQL_OK=0 else MYSQL_OK=1 fi return $MYSQL_OK
}
while [ $CHECK_COUNTS -ne 0 ] do let "CHECK_COUNTS -= 1" check_Mysql_Runing
if [ $MYSQL_OK = 0 ] ; then exit 0 fi
if [ $MYSQL_OK -eq 1 ] && [ $CHECK_COUNTS -eq 0 ] then exit 1 fi
sleep 1 done |
2. master.sh 与slave.sh提供监控接口
# vim /etc/keepalived/master.sh
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#!/bin/bash echo "#`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` master " >> /etc/keepalived/change.log |
# vim /etc/keepalived/slave.sh
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#!/bin/bash echo "#`date +"%Y-%m-%d %H:%M"` slave " >> /etc/keepalived/change.log |
3. 添加执行权限
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chmod +x /etc/keepalived/keepalived_check_mysql.sh chmod +x /etc/keepalived/master.sh chmod +x /etc/keepalived/slave.sh |
主服务器和备服务器检查脚本差别:
主服务器检查脚本的sql语句是replace
into test.keepalived values(1,now());
从服务器检查脚本的sql语句是replace
into test.keepalived values(2,now());
6 启动keepalived
6.1 启动主服务器的keepalived
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启动keepalived先启动服务mysql # /etc/init.d/mysqld star # /etc/init.d/keepalived start
查看VIP已经添加到eth0上 #ip a
查看/var/log/messages日志 
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6.2 启动从服务器的keepalived
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启动keepalived先启动服务mysql # /etc/init.d/mysqld start # /etc/init.d/keepalived start
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7 测试
7.1 主服务器
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模拟数据库宕掉 # /etc/init.d/mysqld stop 查看vip已经去掉 #ip a
查看日志(/var/log/messages)
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7.2 从服务器
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ip a查看 VIP已经添加到eth0上
查看日志(/var/log/messages)
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