1,安装相关的软件包
apt-get install liblzo2-dev
2,获取相关的工具mkfs.ubifs和ubinize
这两个工具是制作ubifs文件系统的时候用到，它们是mtd-utils工具包中的内容，mtd-utils工具包你可以从下面的网站下载和编译出来：
官方网站：
资源下载网站：
3,创建一个create-ubifs.sh脚本，主要是调用mkfs.ubifs和ubinize工具和相关参数来制作ubifs文件系统，内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
##########################################################
# Script to generate ubifs filesystem image. #
##########################################################
##### ubinize configuration file
config_file=rootfs_ubinize.cfg
##### Function to check result of the command
check_result() {
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "FAILED"
else
echo "SUCCESSFUL"
fi
}
###### Function to check whether an application exists
check_program() {
for cmd in "$@"
do
which ${cmd} > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo
echo "Cannot find command /"${cmd}/""
echo
exit 1
fi
done
}
if [ $# -ne 5 ]
then
echo
echo 'Usage: create-ubifs.sh [page_size_in_bytes] [pages_per_block] [partition_size_in_bytes] [blocks_per_device] [path_to_rootfs]'
echo
exit
fi
page_size_in_bytes=$1
echo "Page size [$page_size_in_bytes]bytes."
pages_per_block=$2
echo "Pages per block [$pages_per_block]"
partition_size_in_bytes=$3
echo "File-system partition size [$partition_size_in_bytes]bytes."
blocks_per_device=$4
echo "Blocks per device [$blocks_per_device]"
path_to_rootfs=$5
# wear_level_reserved_blocks is 1% of total blcoks per device
wear_level_reserved_blocks=`expr $blocks_per_device / 100`
echo "Reserved blocks for wear level [$wear_level_reserved_blocks]"
#logical_erase_block_size is physical erase block size minus 2 pages for UBI
logical_pages_per_block=`expr $pages_per_block - 2`
logical_erase_block_size=`expr $page_size_in_bytes /* $logical_pages_per_block`
echo "Logical erase block size [$logical_erase_block_size]bytes."
#Block size = page_size * pages_per_block
block_size=`expr $page_size_in_bytes /* $pages_per_block`
echo "Block size [$block_size]bytes."
#physical blocks on a partition = partition size / block size
partition_physical_blocks=`expr $partition_size_in_bytes / $block_size`
echo "Physical blocks in a partition [$partition_physical_blocks]"
#Logical blocks on a partition = physical blocks on a partitiion - reserved for wear level
patition_logical_blocks=`expr $partition_physical_blocks - $wear_level_reserved_blocks`
echo "Logical blocks in a partition [$patition_logical_blocks]"
#File-system volume = Logical blocks in a partition * Logical erase block size
fs_vol_size=`expr $patition_logical_blocks /* $logical_erase_block_size`
echo "File-system volume [$fs_vol_size]bytes."
echo
echo "Generating configuration file..."
echo "[rootfs-volume]" > $config_file
echo "mode=ubi" >> $config_file
echo "image=rootfs_ubifs.img" >> $config_file
echo "vol_id=0" >> $config_file
echo "vol_size=$fs_vol_size" >> $config_file
echo "vol_type=dynamic" >> $config_file
echo "vol_name=system" >> $config_file
echo
# Note: Check necessary program for installation
#echo -n "Checking necessary program for installation......"
#check_program mkfs.ubifs ubinize
#echo "Done"
#Generate ubifs image
echo -n "Generating ubifs..."
./mkfs.ubifs -x lzo -m $page_size_in_bytes -e $logical_erase_block_size -c $patition_logical_blocks -o rootfs_ubifs.img -d $path_to_rootfs
check_result
echo -n "Generating ubi image out of the ubifs..."
./ubinize -o ubi.img -m $page_size_in_bytes -p $block_size -s $page_size_in_bytes $config_file -v
check_result
rm -f rootfs_ubifs.img
rm -f $config_file
(4)将mkfs.ubifs和ubinize以及create-ubifs.sh放置在同一目录下，然后调用create-ubifs.sh即可创建ubifs文件系统，create-ubifs.sh用法如下：
create-ubifs.sh page_size_in_bytes(页大小) pages_per_block(每个扇区的页数量) partition_size_in_bytes(分区大小) blocks_per_device(扇区数量) path_to_rootfs(文件系统路径)
举例如下：
./create-ubifs.sh 2048 64 83886080 4096 ./rootfs
上面命令的意思是调用create-ubifs.sh将当前目录下的rootfs文件夹的内容制作成ubifs文件系统，nand flash的页大小为2k,每个扇区有64页，
总共有4096个扇区，要制作的文件系统的大小为83886080字节。
apt-get install liblzo2-dev
2,获取相关的工具mkfs.ubifs和ubinize
这两个工具是制作ubifs文件系统的时候用到，它们是mtd-utils工具包中的内容，mtd-utils工具包你可以从下面的网站下载和编译出来：
官方网站：
资源下载网站：
3,创建一个create-ubifs.sh脚本，主要是调用mkfs.ubifs和ubinize工具和相关参数来制作ubifs文件系统，内容如下：
#!/bin/bash
##########################################################
# Script to generate ubifs filesystem image. #
##########################################################
##### ubinize configuration file
config_file=rootfs_ubinize.cfg
##### Function to check result of the command
check_result() {
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo "FAILED"
else
echo "SUCCESSFUL"
fi
}
###### Function to check whether an application exists
check_program() {
for cmd in "$@"
do
which ${cmd} > /dev/null 2>&1
if [ $? -ne 0 ]
then
echo
echo "Cannot find command /"${cmd}/""
echo
exit 1
fi
done
}
if [ $# -ne 5 ]
then
echo
echo 'Usage: create-ubifs.sh [page_size_in_bytes] [pages_per_block] [partition_size_in_bytes] [blocks_per_device] [path_to_rootfs]'
echo
exit
fi
page_size_in_bytes=$1
echo "Page size [$page_size_in_bytes]bytes."
pages_per_block=$2
echo "Pages per block [$pages_per_block]"
partition_size_in_bytes=$3
echo "File-system partition size [$partition_size_in_bytes]bytes."
blocks_per_device=$4
echo "Blocks per device [$blocks_per_device]"
path_to_rootfs=$5
# wear_level_reserved_blocks is 1% of total blcoks per device
wear_level_reserved_blocks=`expr $blocks_per_device / 100`
echo "Reserved blocks for wear level [$wear_level_reserved_blocks]"
#logical_erase_block_size is physical erase block size minus 2 pages for UBI
logical_pages_per_block=`expr $pages_per_block - 2`
logical_erase_block_size=`expr $page_size_in_bytes /* $logical_pages_per_block`
echo "Logical erase block size [$logical_erase_block_size]bytes."
#Block size = page_size * pages_per_block
block_size=`expr $page_size_in_bytes /* $pages_per_block`
echo "Block size [$block_size]bytes."
#physical blocks on a partition = partition size / block size
partition_physical_blocks=`expr $partition_size_in_bytes / $block_size`
echo "Physical blocks in a partition [$partition_physical_blocks]"
#Logical blocks on a partition = physical blocks on a partitiion - reserved for wear level
patition_logical_blocks=`expr $partition_physical_blocks - $wear_level_reserved_blocks`
echo "Logical blocks in a partition [$patition_logical_blocks]"
#File-system volume = Logical blocks in a partition * Logical erase block size
fs_vol_size=`expr $patition_logical_blocks /* $logical_erase_block_size`
echo "File-system volume [$fs_vol_size]bytes."
echo
echo "Generating configuration file..."
echo "[rootfs-volume]" > $config_file
echo "mode=ubi" >> $config_file
echo "image=rootfs_ubifs.img" >> $config_file
echo "vol_id=0" >> $config_file
echo "vol_size=$fs_vol_size" >> $config_file
echo "vol_type=dynamic" >> $config_file
echo "vol_name=system" >> $config_file
echo
# Note: Check necessary program for installation
#echo -n "Checking necessary program for installation......"
#check_program mkfs.ubifs ubinize
#echo "Done"
#Generate ubifs image
echo -n "Generating ubifs..."
./mkfs.ubifs -x lzo -m $page_size_in_bytes -e $logical_erase_block_size -c $patition_logical_blocks -o rootfs_ubifs.img -d $path_to_rootfs
check_result
echo -n "Generating ubi image out of the ubifs..."
./ubinize -o ubi.img -m $page_size_in_bytes -p $block_size -s $page_size_in_bytes $config_file -v
check_result
rm -f rootfs_ubifs.img
rm -f $config_file
(4)将mkfs.ubifs和ubinize以及create-ubifs.sh放置在同一目录下，然后调用create-ubifs.sh即可创建ubifs文件系统，create-ubifs.sh用法如下：
create-ubifs.sh page_size_in_bytes(页大小) pages_per_block(每个扇区的页数量) partition_size_in_bytes(分区大小) blocks_per_device(扇区数量) path_to_rootfs(文件系统路径)
举例如下：
./create-ubifs.sh 2048 64 83886080 4096 ./rootfs
上面命令的意思是调用create-ubifs.sh将当前目录下的rootfs文件夹的内容制作成ubifs文件系统，nand flash的页大小为2k,每个扇区有64页，
总共有4096个扇区，要制作的文件系统的大小为83886080字节。
EnableUBIFS
Memory Technology Device(MTD) support --->
UBI - Unsorted block images --->
<*> Enable UBI
<*> MTD devices emulation driver(gluebi)(NEW)
File systems --->
Miscellaneous filesystems --->
<*> UBIFS file system support 制作映像
ubinize -o ubi.img -m 2048 -s 512 -p 128KiB ubifs.conf
ubiformat: mtd1 (NAND), size 130023424 bytes (124.0 MiB), 131072 eraseblocks of 131072 bytes (128.0 KiB), min. I/O size 2048 bytes
libscan: scanning eraseblock 991 -- 100 % complete
ubiformat: 992 eraseblocks are supposedly empty
ubiformat: flashing eraseblock 15 -- 100 % complete
ubiformat: formatting eraseblock 991 -- 100 % complete attachroot:/> ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 1
UBI: attaching mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
UBI: volume 0 ("rootfs") re-sized from 17 to 979 LEBs
UBI: attached mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "file system(nand)"
UBI: MTD device size: 124 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 992
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 0
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 992
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 9
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 0/0
UBI: image sequence number: 0
UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 179
UBI device number 0, total 992 LEBs (127991808 bytes, 122.1 MiB), available 0 LEBs (0 bytes), LEB size 129024 bytes (126.0 KiB) 挂载root:/> mount -t ubifs ubi0:rootfs /mnt
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
UBIFS: file system size: 124895232 bytes (121968 KiB, 119 MiB, 968 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 9033728 bytes (8822 KiB, 8 MiB, 71 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: lzo
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB) 检查mount结果root:/> mount
rootfs on / type rootfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
...
ubi0:rootfs on /mnt type ubifs (rw,relatime)root:/mnt> ubinfo
UBI version: 1
Count of UBI devices: 1
UBI control device major/minor: 10:63
Present UBI devices: ubi0
ubifs内核配置、映像制作、烧录与挂载
, , , , ,
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讲解ubifs内核配置、映像制作、烧录与挂载的过程。
内核配置配置内核选中UBIFS
Device Drivers --->Memory Technology Device(MTD) support --->
UBI - Unsorted block images --->
<*> Enable UBI
<*> MTD devices emulation driver(gluebi)(NEW)
File systems --->
Miscellaneous filesystems --->
<*> UBIFS file system support 制作映像
在PC上运行如下命令得到UBI image
mkfs.ubifs -r rootfs -m 2048 -e 129024 -c 4096 -o ubifs.imgubinize -o ubi.img -m 2048 -s 512 -p 128KiB ubifs.conf
对应的flash的page size为2048，subpage size为512,eraseblock size为128KB。rootfs为要制作的根文件系统的目录
烧录和运行UBIFS 烧录root:/> ubiformat /dev/mtd1 -s 512 -f ubi.imgubiformat: mtd1 (NAND), size 130023424 bytes (124.0 MiB), 131072 eraseblocks of 131072 bytes (128.0 KiB), min. I/O size 2048 bytes
libscan: scanning eraseblock 991 -- 100 % complete
ubiformat: 992 eraseblocks are supposedly empty
ubiformat: flashing eraseblock 15 -- 100 % complete
ubiformat: formatting eraseblock 991 -- 100 % complete attachroot:/> ubiattach /dev/ubi_ctrl -m 1
UBI: attaching mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: physical eraseblock size: 131072 bytes (128 KiB)
UBI: logical eraseblock size: 129024 bytes
UBI: smallest flash I/O unit: 2048
UBI: sub-page size: 512
UBI: VID header offset: 512 (aligned 512)
UBI: data offset: 2048
UBI: volume 0 ("rootfs") re-sized from 17 to 979 LEBs
UBI: attached mtd1 to ubi0
UBI: MTD device name: "file system(nand)"
UBI: MTD device size: 124 MiB
UBI: number of good PEBs: 992
UBI: number of bad PEBs: 0
UBI: max. allowed volumes: 128
UBI: wear-leveling threshold: 4096
UBI: number of internal volumes: 1
UBI: number of user volumes: 1
UBI: available PEBs: 0
UBI: total number of reserved PEBs: 992
UBI: number of PEBs reserved for bad PEB handling: 9
UBI: max/mean erase counter: 0/0
UBI: image sequence number: 0
UBI: background thread "ubi_bgt0d" started, PID 179
UBI device number 0, total 992 LEBs (127991808 bytes, 122.1 MiB), available 0 LEBs (0 bytes), LEB size 129024 bytes (126.0 KiB) 挂载root:/> mount -t ubifs ubi0:rootfs /mnt
UBIFS: mounted UBI device 0, volume 0, name "rootfs"
UBIFS: file system size: 124895232 bytes (121968 KiB, 119 MiB, 968 LEBs)
UBIFS: journal size: 9033728 bytes (8822 KiB, 8 MiB, 71 LEBs)
UBIFS: media format: w4/r0 (latest is w4/r0)
UBIFS: default compressor: lzo
UBIFS: reserved for root: 0 bytes (0 KiB) 检查mount结果root:/> mount
rootfs on / type rootfs (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime)
...
ubi0:rootfs on /mnt type ubifs (rw,relatime)root:/mnt> ubinfo
UBI version: 1
Count of UBI devices: 1
UBI control device major/minor: 10:63
Present UBI devices: ubi0